{"id":791,"date":"2022-07-25T14:27:25","date_gmt":"2022-07-25T14:27:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/ReadingNotes\/?p=791"},"modified":"2023-10-28T21:49:33","modified_gmt":"2023-10-28T21:49:33","slug":"iceland-2020-day-1-reykjanes-penninsula","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/2022\/07\/25\/iceland-2020-day-1-reykjanes-penninsula\/","title":{"rendered":"Iceland 2020, Day 1: Reykjanes Plans"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-purple-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Tuesday, 26 July 2022<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-pink-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\"><em>While I had intended to report on the trip in this blog, it turned out, since I was writing on my phone, to be easier to do a series of daily posts to Facebook. So this is the last bit on Iceland here, at least for the moment. I plan to edit and expand the FB posts, and will eventually post them here, or in a another of my blogs. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/2022\/07\/25\/iceland-2020-day-1-reykjanes-penninsula\/#i\" >#<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/2022\/07\/25\/iceland-2020-day-1-reykjanes-penninsula\/#Geology_of_the_Peninsula\" >Geology of the Peninsula*<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/2022\/07\/25\/iceland-2020-day-1-reykjanes-penninsula\/#Areas_we_will_visit\" >Areas we will visit<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/2022\/07\/25\/iceland-2020-day-1-reykjanes-penninsula\/#i-2\" >#  #  #<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i\"><\/span>#<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/ReadingNotes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/ILSG_Iceland_day_2_Map-1-1015x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-820\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Geology_of_the_Peninsula\"><\/span>Geology of the Peninsula*<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-dark-gray-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">*<em>Much of this is adapted from <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geology_of_Reykjanes_Peninsula\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geology_of_Reykjanes_Peninsula<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Reykjanes Peninsula is the continuation of the submarine Reykjanes Ridge, a segement of the Mid-Atlantic ridge. It reaches from the Esja volcano in the north to hengill in the east and Reykhanesta in the west. It originated 6-7 Ma in a rift-jump, after the Sn\u00e6fellsnes-Skagi rift had drifted to the west out of range of the presumed location of the mantle plume.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Reykjanes Peninsula<\/strong> was formed by glaciers and volcanism, with lava fields made of a characterisitic grey basalt. Volcanic systems are submarine, subglacial &nbsp;(tuyas and hyaloclastic ridges or tindars) and subaerial (shield volcanoes).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Subglacial volcanos<\/strong> are either tuyas (larger, with subaerial \u2018tops\u2019) or subglacial cones (rare) or ridges (both, of course, consisting of hyaloclastite, lapilli tuff and pillow lavas)., Reykjanes examples include Sveifluh\u00e1ls, N\u00fapshl\u00ed\u00f0arh\u00e1ls, Undirhl\u00ed\u00f0ar , Helgafell and V\u00edfilsfell. Most of these &nbsp;volcanoes produce mafic basalt, though there are also some basaltic andesite or andesite volcanoes on Reykjanes, like H\u00fasm\u00fali and Stapafell in the Hengill Volcanic System.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Central shield volcanoes<\/strong> erupted after the Weichselian glaciation (&lt;11-15Ka); they are situated at the periphery of fissure systems and have produced most of the volcanic landforms in the region.They are mostly circular and consisting of low cones and aprons of pahoehoe lavas; the older shields are made from picrite, the younger, bigger ones from olivine-tholeiite. Olivine tholeiites constitute about 60% by volume of all post-glacial lava products on the Reykjanes Peninsula.&#8221; Examples include Selvogshei\u00f0i, \u00der\u00e1inskj\u00f6ldur , Hei\u00f0inh\u00e1 and Sandfellsh\u00e6\u00f0 and Leitin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Areas_we_will_visit\"><\/span>Areas we will visit<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Geldingadalur eruption site<\/strong>. Geldingadalur is an area on the Reykjanes Peninsula, notable for being home to the Fagradalsfjall volcano, which erupted in 2021. Geldingadalur&#8217;s 2021 Eruption. The Reykjanes Peninsula in southwest Iceland is a very volcanic area, renowned for its conic mountains, craters, hot springs, and lava fields.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kr\u00fdsuv\u00edk Geothermal Area<\/strong>. This is a fissure sytem without a central volcano. It includes an expanse of steaming volcanic vents, hot springs, mud pools, colorful crate lakes, all framed dramatically by a range of multi-coloured hills. &nbsp;The Gr\u00e6navatn, Gestssta\u00f0avatn, and Augun lakes are old explosion craters formed by volcanic eruptions. Colors in springs and lakes are due to the presence of photpsynthetic thermal algae and dissolved minerals.The volcanic system has a length of 55&nbsp;km, a width of around 13&nbsp;km,and is arranged in en echelon and in a certain angle (20\u201345\u00b0) to the rift zone of the divergent plate boundary traversing Reykjanes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Selt\u00fan geothermal area is situated next to Kr\u00fdsuv\u00edk at the foot of Sveifluh\u00e1ls hyaloclastite ridge. It is a geothermal high temperature ares fed by rain and snow melt (Gu\u00f0mundsson, 2017)t. Here solfataras, fumaroles, mudpots and hot springs are formed; the soil is coloured bright yellow, red, and green caused by iron oxidation, sulfur and calcite precipitation. See: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kr%C3\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kr%C3%BDsuv%C3%ADk_(volcanic_system)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Undirhl\u00ed\u00f0ar glaciovolcanic ridge<\/strong>. A lava field formed around 1100 due to a fissure eruption underneath pillow-lava hills Undirhl\u00ed\u00f0ar. The lava then flowed north of the cove to the sea, forming a spit. Kapelluhraun classifies as A\u2019a or block lava; its phenocrysts mostly consist of plagioclase, pyroxene and olivine<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Gunnuhver<\/strong> is an area of Reykjanes UNESCO Global Geopark with hundreds of mudpots, craters and lava fields, and black sand beaches, and other features such as geothermal energy generation. The groundwater at Gunnuhver consists to 100% of seawater. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, accompanied gases, make the water acidic and alter the fresh lavas to clay. Throughout the entire hydrothermal field, evaporites and sulfuric minerals are visible. Metal ores, like copper sulfates, are more concentrated at depths. See <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/geosturm.com\/gunnuhver\/\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/geosturm.com\/gunnuhver\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-2\"><\/span>#  #  #<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<p>Views: 9<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tuesday, 26 July 2022 While I had intended to report on the trip in this blog, it turned out, since I was writing on my phone, to be easier to do a series of daily posts to Facebook. So this is the last bit on Iceland here, at least for the moment. I plan to &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/2022\/07\/25\/iceland-2020-day-1-reykjanes-penninsula\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Iceland 2020, Day 1: Reykjanes Plans<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":4,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[73,42,61,51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-791","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-personal_notes","category-geology_notes","category-pictures-broken","category-travel_accounts"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/791","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=791"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/791\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2541,"href":"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/791\/revisions\/2541"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=791"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tomeri.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}